Typogbafhicaz method and apparatus



Mar. 13. 1923.

G. P. FERRELL.

TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS.

MAD wNh flan Q Q Q @y 0 O Mar. 13, 1923.

e. P. FEBRELL. TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS,

i4 SHEETS" SHEET J.

FILED MAY16, I92]- Mar. 13, 1923.

a. P. FERRELL. TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS.

i4 SHEETS HLETJ MAY I6 1921.

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Mar. 1,448,620. (3 P. FhRBELL,

TYPOGMPHiCAL METHOD AND APPARATUS FILED MAY 16 NIL i SHUJS SHLLE? mnlor: Gariand 24 73771951.

Mar. 13, 1923.

Gk P. FERRELL. WPOGRAPHICAL memos AND APPARATUS I4 SHEETS-SHEET 5- HLEDMAYIE.1921.

P HE: a MAM wank r:

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WR N A N h 1 Gwiamz .///A .///////////Al Mar. 13, 1923,

G. P. FERRELL.

TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS FILED MAY I5. x921.

l4 SHEETS SHEiT 1) 'tucialfar G'arZandZlirreZZ,

l4 SHEETS -SHEET 1 FILED MAY I6, I92].

a. P. FERRELL. TYPOGRAPHJCAL METHOD AND APPARATUS l4 SHEETS-SHEET UFILED MAY I6. 1921.

fnuczafor: 6' rzand 21k 271?,

Mar. 13, 1923.

e. P. FERRELL. TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS I4 SHEETS-SHEET 9,

FILED MAY I6, 1921.

QNN $65 Kb m x x N T 1. j Lhyli Mar. 13, 1923. 1,448.620.

G. P. FERRELL. TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND -P: \RATUS. man MAY !6. 1921.

14 SHEETS-SHEET 1E1 .Zimueh r.-

6' ZancZBIr-rZJ,

Mar. 13, 1923. V

G. P. HRRELL. TYPOGRAPHICAL msmun AND APEAR'ATUS.

HLED MAY|E.1921- l4 SHEETS-SHEET ll.

.Zizaentar:

Mar. 13, 1923.

a. P. FERRELL. TYPOGRAPMCAL METHOD AND APPARATUS.

M M r Mar. 13, 1923. 1,448,620. G. P. FERRELL.

TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AN'D APPARATUS.

FILED In, It. 192:. I4 suzsvs suzn 13.

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Patented Max". 13, 1923.

GARLAND P FERRELL, OF WICHITA, KANSAS.

TYPOGRAPHICAL METHOD AND vAI'YARA'TUQ.

Application filed May 16, 1921.

1"!) (17/ whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, GARLAND P. Frannmm, citizen of the United States.residing at 'ii'irhita, in the county oi. Sclgwiek and State of Kansas,have invented new and use i! ll lni provements in 'lypogra 'ihicalMethods and Apparatus, of which the following is a sg ie ification.

This invention relates to the art of typogp raphy and has for one of itsprincipal oi jrcts to simulate printing from hand set type through theinstrumentality of a machine or apparatus.

further object of the invention is to provide for conveniently andsatisfactorily justifying the printing elements within a prwlctcrminedmeannre in a simple, accurate ainl expeditious manner.

The machine or apparatus is key con trolled, as for instance in themanner of an rdinary t i pewriting machine, but is distinguishcil fromtypewriting machines in that all of the printing elements which go tomake up a pl'llltttl line are assembled and maintained assembled (luringthe printing ii lwi'uliuil, after which the printing elements arelt'illllltti to their normal or stored posithan. in this connection itwill be ex-- i-iu llli'il that each printing eleun-nt is meant w rwl n astraight line from its norma lmetl position to one of several selei'ted-otin positions in said straight ine. as lishwl from machines wherein afreely o lag nrinting character or matrix may any position in theprinted line and min roinplex mechanism aiul oomph-x mills of movementfor bringing the printin"! llllm. nt or matrix into its (losiicil posiaian l afterwards ilisl'rihut'iu: or returnnu, the same to its normalposition.

"in so far a the machine or apparatus is wnrvrswtl. it will of course beunilerstooil that changes in the orm. proportion. size lllil minordetails may be llltll l. within the w ll? oi the claims. withoutdeparting from the spirit or acrificing any of the advanfli 'cs of theinvention,

in the drawings;

Figure l is a top plan vii-o more r less of a machinivinlmil iin; tin.lur ol' the present invention.

ur: 1'." is a vertical longitudinal For innit J l the machine on a largr tz f'rili.

Serial No. 469,887.

Figure 2 is a plan view partly in section, of one ol' the composite keysof the machine. Figure 2" a fragmentary view partly in elevation andpartly in vertical section of one of the composite keys.

Figure 3 is a front elevation of the machine, the front of the framebeing removed to Show the he mechanism, parts being broken away and alsoin section.

Figure 4 is a top plan view on an enlarged scale of the printingcarriage and a portion of the underlying type bed.

Figure 5 a crosssectional view on an enlargerl scale of the printingcarriage and the type boil.

Figur; 1 a top plan view of one of the units of the type bed, partsbeing broken away to show an interior construction, the tyl'itlifl'llllllitfil elements being omitted.

Flglllt T i; a woes-sectional view on the line Z'--".' of Figure (3;

Figure :1 s a \lwt l' similar to Figure 7 and showin; tlv' movable partat the opposite limit of its movmnent.

Figure t: is; a iliagnunmatic view illustrating a detail of the presentinvention.

Figure 1o is a fragmentary plan section taken ininivilialely below thelowermost plunger plate E.

Figure ll. is an enlarged detail sectional View taken on the line 11-11of Figure 5.

Figure 12 is a detail View of the line spacer inerhanisni.

Finale til is a view similar to Figure 12 showing a different positionof the line spacer mechanism.

Figure ll is a plan view of the line spacer mechanism.

Figure 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of Figure 4.

Figure if? is a detail fragmentary view illustrating the tripping of oneof the ink rollers.

Figure 16 s a detail sectional view illustrating the manner of rotatingthe inking rollers.

Figure l? a crossseetional View of Figure 4 taken at the right hand sideof the rross bar 32,

Fig-ur s is. tilt zll and 20 are fragmentary (lt'tiill viewslllill'i'iitttllig the operations of the tiller anti 'iiwtifierelements.

Figure 21 is a ilctai fragmentary perspective view illustrating therelation of printing elements. sparers and justifying elements onsureessive type hed units and in printing position.

l igure 2; is a plan view ol one oi t shit'tahle plates of the heyinerhanisin.

Figure .33 is an enlarged detail tragineir tary sectional view takenthrough a portion of the type lied with the latter in horizontalposition and looking towards the hark of the niaehine.

Figure {23" is a fragmentary detail sertional view illustrating themanner of trip ping the gates or valves which rontrol the tiller andjustifying elements.

Figure :24 is an enlarged l'ragmentary et-- tional view looking towardsthe front of the machine and showing the eooperatiou hetween the-cammembers and the plunger plates for releasing the t pographiral elements.

Figure 23 is a detail perspertive view of one of the typographicalelements.

Figure 26 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the width variation inthesix differ ent type wheels or typographiral members.

Figure 27 is a side elevation of a type wheel embodying tour fonts ofprinting rharaeters. the positions of rertain of the printing eharaeters\\'lllt'll are earried upon the periphery of the wheel heing indiratedupon the fare thereof.

Figure 29 is a similar view showing a type wheel embodying five fonts,

Figures 29. 30 and 30 are side elevati ns of a type wheel embodying twofonts and shoving three sueeessive positions of the tv we wheel.

figure 31 is a diagrammatie view illustrating the normal position of thetype wheel setting-member and the vahe or gate with respert to theadjaeent type wheel magazine and the adjacent printing vylinder,

Figure is a view similar to Figure 31. the type wheel setting menaherand the gate being moved to a position to permit of the type wheel heingtransferred from the setting memher to the printing rylinder.

Figures 33 34 35 and 36 are detail fragmentary views illustrating thegates for the rontlnl ot' the tiller elements.

Figure 37 is a detail sertional view illus trating the mounting of oneend of the rolninn rule.

Figure 38 is a fragmentary seetional view illustrating the printingcarriage.

Figures 39. 40 and -11 are fragmentary set tional views illustrating themeans for in]- parting the rot-icing printing motion to tho printingcylinder.

Figure 42 is a eross-sertional riew on the line 424:' of Figure 45.

Figure 43 is a side elevation ot Figure H.

Figure 44 is a detail seetionai view n tin;

line 4444 of Figure 1.1.

Figure 45 is a detail ;--.=\tionul elevation of one of the -pringactuated means for muting the printing carriage.

Figure in is an enlarged detail eross-sertionai .iew on the line-lt3-l(i oi Figure 45.

Figure t? is an enlarged detail seetional riew on the line. J ,T ofFigure 45.

Figure 18 is a detail plan sertion on the line tri ls of Figure la.

l 'igure it) is a detail t'ragn'ientary view illustrating the trippingconnection hetween the spring actuated rarrriagi operating means atopposite ends of the machine.

Figure St) is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the means forincreasing and derreasing the line sparing rotation of the platen.

Figure 51 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 5th Figure 5:! is asertional view of a detail.

Figure 53 is a emnposite diagrammatic view vshowing a spet'iinon of atypewritten line. a typographieally printed line, and the pro-stintarrangement of typographical elements disposed in ditl'erent lines butfrom Whirl tlt said typographical line may he printed.

The main frame A of the present apparatits is substantially rectangularin form and ineludes an upright hack wall 1., opposite side walls 2 and3 and front wall 4. As elearl indirated in Figure L. it will be seenthat the front portion of the side wall 3 is mnsiderahly higher than therear portion thereof. which is also true of the side wall i For apurpose as will hereinafter appear. Between the high front portions ofthe side walls 2 and 3 is located a keyboard mechanism which isdesignated in general by the refer-ewe t'llilltltltl B. which in itsarrangement of rharaeters is suhstantiiilly the sanin as that ol' whatis known as the universal hevhoa rd l'or typewriters.

llxtending transversely across the rear low portion of the main frame isthe sulr stantially rectangular frame (J of the type lied part of themaehine. which frame earries the typographieal elements whit-h are underthe eontrol of the lz y ma'wl. This type hed is mounted to roel; upoi.its longitudinal horizontal mishand is supported upon two posts orstandards designated 5 and ti respeet'ively and shown in Figures 1 and 2of the drawings. llarh of these posts or standards rises from the mainframe and, as hest shown in Figures 1t) and if] of the drawings. isbifurcated at its upper end at T for the rereption ot' a (wuss harextending between the front and rear sides of the type lied t'rame Asuitahle pivot pin 9 extends through the ('ross hai- Fl and the oppositesides oi the hit'urrated part of the po t. it will of eourse heunderstood that the pivotal mounting shown in Figure 15 is duplieatedill the opposite end of the type bed frame, Under normal conditions, thetype bed C occupies the inclined position s own in Figure 2 of thedrawings i. e. with its rear side tilted downwardly and the entire framedisposed at an angle of about forty-five degrees to the horizontal. Byreason of the pivotal mountin of the type bed frame, it will beunderstoo that said frame may be rocked or turned from the positionshown in Figure 2 to a position at substantially right angles to that ofits normal position. This tilt-able or rocking, mounting of the type bedframe is utilized for the purpose of moving the typographical elements.by gravity. from their stored ositime into operative ositions and alsoack to their normal store positions, all of which will be hereinaftermore fully explained. While the type bed frame has been illustrated asnormally occupying a position at about forty-five degrees to thehorizontal, itwill be explained that this angular disposition may bevaried.

It will here be explained that all of the typographical elements aremounted on the type bed frame C, and theassemblage thereof into positionfor printing is carried out on the same frame, and therefore saidtypographical elements always remain upon the frame and are neverremoved therefrom. Superimposed upon the type bed frame is the printingcarriage D which supports the platen for the impression medium and alsocarries the inking mechanism. The carriage is mounted to travel back andforth upon the type bed, and the printing operations or impressiontaking operatiops are performed by said carriage while traveling acrossthe typographical elements which have been assembled in operativepositions upon the type bed frame C.

According to the present invention I divide the typographical elementsinto groups and store each group independently of each of the othergroups for a purpose as will hereinafter appear. In the embodiment of myinvention as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings it will be explained thatthe typographical elements have been divided into six groups designatedE. F. G, H, J and K. As the manner-of mounting and manipulao ing eachgroup of typographical elements is the same. a detailed description ofone of them is deemed sufficient. For each of the groups oftypographical elements, as shown in Figures 5 and 6 there is a rod orbar 10 having its opposite ends suitably supported in the front and rearsides of the type bed frame C. Adjacent one end of said bar is amagazine 11 in the form ofa cylinder suitably fixed upon the rod 10 asfor instance by a kcv 12. Extending longitudinally through the length ofthis magazine is a groove or channel 13 which is open at the inner endof h m gazine- The outer end of the groove,

channel or slideway ma be elowd in any suitable manner, preferably bymeans of a removable closure, such for 1nstance,as a set screw 14.Stored upon this magazine 11 is a plurality of composite t pographicalelements 15 (see Figures 21 and 25), each of which is in the form of arin having an internal diameter to rmit rea y sliding of the elementlongitudinally of the magazine. Upon the inner periphery of the ringthere is a big or projection 16 which normally lies in the groove orslideway 13 thereby to prevent rotation of the ring upon the magazineand at the same time to guide the ring in its.

sliding movements upon the magazine. Upon the outer peri hery of thering appear typographical ace elements 17 which may be intaglio, cameoor otherwise, It will therefore be understood that each ring is ineffect a type body. and is a composite ty 0- graphical clement becauseit carries a pl utility of t pographical faces. It will here be notedthat the width of each typographicabclement 15 is the same throughoutthe plurality of elements in the group illustrated .in Figure 5.Moreover the typographical elements l5 are duplicates in everyarticular. Perspective views of several t pographical elements ofdifferent groups ave been shown in Figure 21 of the drawin wherein itwill be seen that each typographical eiement is provided upon itsouter'periphery with cameo printable surfaces.

As hcreinbcfore indicated.the typographical elements have been dividedinto groups, and this division is made in accordance with the set-wisewidths of the printable surfaces. In the present embodiment of theinvention l have divided the typographical elements into six groups. asclearly indicated in Figure 1 of the drawings. It will of course beunderstood that a greater or 1688 number of groups may be employed, butfor ordinary practical purposes it is considered that six groups will besufficient.

In order that a typographical element may be rotated so as to bring anyone of its printing surfaces into operative or printing positiolu thereis provided a rotatable disc or ring 18 mounted upon the rod or bar 10and disposed at the inner end of the magazine 11. This disc 18 is of thesame diameter as the magazine 11 and is provided with a transverse openended groove or channel 19 extending across its outer periphery and. isnormally in register with the channel or groove 13. whereby theinnermost typographical element 15 may slide onto the disc 18. becausethe lugor, projection 16 will readily pass from, the

be brought into operative or printing posh tion. 'lhe gate 134 is oi thesame width or thickness as the typographical element 15, so that when atypographical element is mounted upon the gate 1n, .the lug oi the nextadjacent typographical element cannot enter the groove 19. and thereforelot-king of the gate in by the lug H3 of any typographical element isetl'cctunlly prevented.

It will now be understood that the ole ment 18 has a lurality offunctions, in thatit first receives a typographical element and is of a.width to receive onl one element at a time. and after having receivedthe element it is capable of being rotated so as to likewise rotate thetypographical element for the purpose described. Moreorcr the part 18also acts as a lock. gate or valve to close the groove or rhanncl iiiand prevent the other tqmeraphical elements from slid in; oil of themagazine vhcn. the member 1 is occupied by one at the typographicalelements. 'hile one purpose of the part 18 is that of a gate or valve toprevent dis placement of the tvlmgg'rnphical elements 15 from themagazine 11. the chief function of the part In is that of a rotarysetting memher for the typographical tltilllllts \vherelrv thetypographical element which may be upon the part in can be selectivelyrotated to bring a predetermined printing character into operative orprinting: position.

At the inner side of the rotary setting member is is a rotary gate .3 ofthe same diameter as the part i and providrd with :1 sleeve ll rotatablv (Ililllii'dlljf a sleeve extending from the part i. This rotor) ;:ntcis provided with :in open ended groove or channel :23 extending: acrossits onter periphery. \Yhcn the n rooies ill and J3 ar out of alignment.a printing element on the part 1* cannot es ape therefrom. lill when thegrooves l! and '2? are in alignment. a typographical clement niav slidefrom the part in across the gate 2G.

Mounted upon the sleeve til is the printing cylinder 24. which cylinderis of the same diameter as the parts ll. 18 and 20 and is provided withn pluralityof longitudinal grooves or channels designed to receive thelug or r-ojection it) of a typographical element 1.) in order that thelatter may slide from the rotarv setting member l across the gate in andon to the printing cylinder J4. Furthermore these grooves 25 serve toprevent rotation of a typographical element when mounted upon theprinting cvlindcr because the lug! or proiection Ill is within one oithe groove 9.5. By reference to l i 'nrc 21. which shows threesuccessive printing cylinders, it will be seen that each cylinder has aseries of grooves 25. which series extend entirely around the peripherof the cylinder. liv having a large number of grooves, channels orslideways 25. there will always be a groove or channel to receive thelog or projection 16 of a typographical element in whatever positionsaid element comes to rcst after having been rotatably set by thesetting member 18, whereby a plurality of typographical elements may berotatably set in printing alignment upon the printing cylinder. In thepresent embodiment of the invention. sixty-two grooves or slideways 25have been provided upon the printinn cylinder 24. said grooves heing. oflike. width and successive grooves being spaced at like intervals. Thereason for employing sixty-two grooves or guideways will be hereinafterexplained. Moreover, the printing cylinder 24 is rotatable. not for thepurpose of obtaining a rolling printing contact. lilil tor the purpose,of changing from one font to another font, as will be hereinafterexplained. To hold the print.- inn cylinder 24 in its normal positionand to prevent it from sliding endwise away from the gate 20. a suitablestop or abutnient 26 is provided upon the sleeve 21. and in engagementwith the adjacent end of the cvlinder. It will of course be understoodthat the cylinder 2% has a Working fit between the abutment. 26 and thegate 20 so as to permit rotation of the cylinder and also to permitrotation of the gate '20 and the rotary setting element 18.

To prevent the typographical element 1! from innucdiately escaping fromthe lower end oi the printing cylinder 24 when in its inclined positionas in Figure 2, there is proiided a column rule 27 which underlies theprinting cylinder in the path of the typographical element and serves asa stop to preient the said element from immediately escaping from theprinting cylinder. As ln-reinal'ter described. means is provided forill-pressing the column rule 2? so as to per-v rnit of the escr e of thetypographical olewent from the printing cylinder, which is an operationpreparatory to returning the printing; element to its original storedposition on the magazine 11.

The sleeve 22 of the rotatable setting member in is extended towards theopposite.

or rear side of the type bed frame C and is provided with a. pinion 28which is keyed or otherwise secured thereon. The sleeve 21 of the gate.20 is likewise extended in the same direction but terminates short ofthe pinion 23 and isprovided with a pinion 29. When these pinions arrproperly rotated bv suitable key controlled mechanism, it will he seenthat the rotatable setting member 18 and the rate 20 may be properlyrotntcd to bring their grooves or channels into and out of alignment forthe purpose of permitting the shifting of typographical elements fromthe magazine 11 to the printing cylinder .24, as in Figures 31 and 32.

When one or more typographical elcmen ts 15 have been permitted togravitate from the printing cylinder 24 they are received within ahollow cylindrical receiver 30 which is open at its inner end and closedat its outer end by means of a wall 31. which, as best shown in Figure 4of the drawings, is common to the series of receivers 30 and is suitablyconnected to the frame (7 of the type bed, as for instance by havingeach end secured to a cross bar 32 of the frame C. The wall 3i. ofcourse has an opening in which the sleeve 21 may freely rotate. lVhilethe internal diameter of each typographical elemcnt 15 is of coursesomewhat greater than the external diameter of the sleeve 21, theexternal diameter of the element 15 is substantially that of theinternal diameter of the receiver 31'), the latter having an internallining 33 of felt or other suitable material against which the outerperiphery of the typographical element engages. t will now be understoodthat the receiver 30 effectually supports such typographical elements .35 as may escape thereinto from the printing roll 24.

Inasmuch as the internal projection 16 of the typographical element 25within the receiver' 30 may not be in alignment. with the groove orguideivay in the top of the printing cylinder 52 1, 't is necessary tofirst rotate said typograp -ical element untilits internal projection 16comes into all meet with the groove 25 pregniratory to tilting the typebed to its opposite limit for returning the typographical element to itsstored position on the magazine ii. To accomplish this result there isprovided a stationary bar or abutment 34 disposed longitudinally Withinthe receiver 31. and supported at its opposite ends upon the wall 31 andthe abutnient :26. This bar or abutment 34 is dis posed, as hesLillustrated in Figure 9, so that 1ts far side is in aligmnmt with thenear side of the uppermost grooa'e or channel 25 in the printingcylinder and therefore forms a continuation of one wall of the move orchannel Alongside of this fixed bar is a movableliar 35, and it will beexplained that the combined thickness of the two bars should not exceedthe width of the adjacent tooth or section of the printing cylinderwhich separates adjacent grooves or channels :25. The bar 35 is suitablysecured to the sleeve 21 so that the bar 35 may swing around within thereceiver 30 when the sleeve '21 is rotated. In Figure 7 the bars 34 and35 are in their normal position and do not interfere with the escape oftypographical elements 1.5 from the printing cylinder 24 into thereceiver 30 because of the relation of the said bars as shown inFigural). By rotating the sleeve 21 in a cloolc-wisedirection, the bar555 will contact with the internal projection 16 on the typographicalelement 15 and thereby rotate the latter until its projection 16 isstopped by the stationary bar 34, as shown in Figure 8 in whichpositionthe projection 16 will be in alignment with the groove or channel 25 iiithe top of the printing cylinder. It will of course be understood thateach and every typographical element within the recciver 30 will berotated by the movement of the bar 35 and bt'ought into a position withits projection 16 aligned with the topmost groove in the printingcylinder. Such rotation of the sleeve 21 also rotates the gate 20 andbrings its groove or channel 23 into alignment with the groove 19 andthe groove 13 so that by rocking or tilting the type bed frame to itsopposite position, the typographical elements in the receiver 30 willgravitate totheir original positions on the magazine 11, the prqections16 traveling freely through the aligned grooves or channels. Therotation of the gate 20. as just described, is accomplished by reason ofthe fact that when the type bed is being rocked or tilted from itsnormal position to position at substantially right angles thereto, thpinion 29 comes into mesh with a rack 37, best shown in Figure 2 of thedrawings, whereby the pinion 29 is given the necessary rotation tooperate the gate 20. \V'hen returning the type bed to its normalposition the pinion 29 traveling in the reverse direction over the rack37? returns the gate 20 to is prior position with its groove 23 out ofalignment with the groove in the member 18 thereby closin said grooveand preventing the typograp ical elements 15 from sliding back upon theprinting cylinder. The rack 37 is carried upon the upper portion of anarcuate post 38 rising from the back portion lot the main frame A. Thispost lies between the Wall 31 and the rear side of the frame C and isstruck on an are having for its center the axis 11 1011 which the typebody frame C is mounted to rock. The type bed frame C is limited in itsrocking or tilting movement by a stop shoulder 39 projectingtransversely from the top of the post 38 and. n (in oath of upwardmovement of the rear twin: ar of the frame C. Downward movement islimited by the part 40 of the main trame which constitutes a shoulder orabutment in the path of the downward movement of the rear frame bar ofthe frame C.

The type bed frame C is rocked by hand.

and to facilitate this rocking movement there is provided an upstandinghandle 41 at either end of the frame C and upon the end plate 231 of theframe, which end plate ma be se mental in sha e as indicated in .l g HFigure 2 of the drawings, To maintain the type bed frame C in its normalposition

